Steven Paul "
Steve"
Jobs (
;
February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American information
technology entrepreneur and inventor.
He was the co-founder, chairman,
and chief executive officer (CEO) of
Apple Inc.; CEO and largest shareholder of
Pixar Animation Studios;
[3] a member of
The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and founder, chairman, and CEO of
NeXT Inc.
Jobs is widely recognized as a pioneer of the
microcomputer revolution of the 1970s, along with Apple co-founder
Steve Wozniak.
Shortly after his death, Jobs's official biographer,
Walter Isaacson,
described him as the "creative entrepreneur whose passion for
perfection and ferocious drive revolutionized six industries: personal
computers, animated movies, music, phones, tablet computing, and digital
publishing."
[2]
Adopted at birth in San Francisco, and raised in the
San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s, Jobs's
countercultural lifestyle was a product of his time.
As a senior at
Homestead High School in
Cupertino, California,
his two closest friends were the older engineering student (and
Homestead High alumnus) Wozniak and his countercultural girlfriend, the
artistically inclined Homestead High junior
Chrisann Brennan.
Jobs briefly attended
Reed College in 1972 before dropping out,
deciding to travel through India in 1974 and
study Buddhism.
Jobs co-founded Apple in 1976 to sell Wozniak's
Apple I personal computer.
The duo gained fame and wealth a year later for the
Apple II, one of the first highly successful mass-produced personal computers.
In 1979, after a tour of
Xerox PARC, Jobs saw the commercial potential of the
Xerox Alto, which was
mouse-driven and had a
graphical user interface (GUI).
This led to development of the failed
Apple Lisa in 1983, followed by the successful
Macintosh in 1984.
In addition to being the first mass-produced computer with a GUI, the Macintosh instigated the sudden rise of the
desktop publishing industry in 1985 with the addition of the Apple
LaserWriter, the first
laser printer to feature
vector graphics.
Following a long power struggle, Jobs was forced out of Apple in 1985.
[4]
After leaving Apple, Jobs
took a few of its members with him to found NeXT, a
computer platform
development company specializing in state-of-the-art computers for
higher-education and business markets.
In addition, Jobs helped to
initiate the development of the
visual effects industry when
he funded the spinout of the computer graphics division of
George Lucas's company
Lucasfilm in 1986.
[5]
The new company, Pixar, would eventually produce the first fully
computer-animated film,
Toy Story—an event made possible in part because of Jobs's financial support.
In 1997, Apple purchased NeXT, allowing Jobs to become the former's
CEO once again.
He would return the company, which was on the verge of
bankruptcy, back to profitability.
Beginning in 1997 with the "
Think different" advertising campaign, Jobs worked closely with designer
Jonathan Ive to develop a line of products that would have larger cultural ramifications: the
iMac,
iTunes,
Apple Stores, the
iPod, the
iTunes Store, the
iPhone, the
App Store, and the
iPad.
Mac OS was also revamped into
Mac OS X, based on NeXT's
NeXTSTEP platform.
Jobs was diagnosed with a
pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in 2003 and died of
respiratory arrest related to the tumor on October 5, 2011.
| Steve Jobs |
|---|
Jobs in 2007
|
| Born |
Steven Paul Jobs
February 24, 1955
San Francisco, California |
| Died |
October 5, 2011 (aged 56)
Palo Alto, California |
| Cause of death |
Pancreatic cancer and respiratory arrest |
| Nationality |
American |
| Ethnicity |
German and Syrian |
| Education |
|
| Occupation |
- Co-founder, Chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc.
- Primary investor and CEO of Pixar
- Founder and CEO of NeXT
|
| Known for |
Pioneer of the personal computer revolution with Steve Wozniak |
| Board member of |
|
| Religion |
Zen Buddhism (previously Lutheran)[2] |
| Spouse(s) |
Laurene Powell (m. 1991; his death 2011) |
| Partner(s) |
Chrisann Brennan |
| Children |
- Lisa Brennan-Jobs (with Chrisann, b. 1978)
- Reed (with Laurene, b. 1991)
- Erin (with Laurene, b. 1995)
- Eve (with Laurene, b. 1998)
|
| Parent(s) |
- Paul and Clara Jobs (adoptive parents)
- Joanne Schieble Simpson and Abdulfattah Jandali (biological parents)
|
| Relatives |
- Mona Simpson (biological sister)
- Patricia "Patty" Jobs (adopted sister)
|
Background
Parents
Jobs's adoptive father, Paul Reinhold Jobs (1922–1993),
[6] grew up in a
Calvinist household,
[7] the son of an "alcoholic and sometimes abusive" father.
[2]
The family lived on a farm in
Germantown, Wisconsin.
[2][7]
Paul, ostensibly bearing a resemblance to
James Dean, had tattoos, dropped out of high school, and traveled around the midwest for several years during the 1930s looking for work.
[2][7]
He eventually joined the
United States Coast Guard as an engine-room machinist.
[7]
After
World War II, Paul Jobs decided to leave the Coast Guard when it docked in San Francisco.
[7]
He made a bet that he would find his wife in San Francisco and promptly went on a blind date with Clara Hagopian (1924–1986).
[8]
They were engaged ten days later and married in 1946.
[2]
Clara, the daughter of
Armenian
immigrants, grew up in San Francisco and had been married before, but
her husband had been killed in the war.
After a series of moves, Paul
and Clara settled in
San Francisco's Sunset District in 1952.
[2]
As a hobby, Paul Jobs rebuilt cars, but as a career he was a "
repo man", which suited his "aggressive, tough personality."
[7]
Meanwhile, their attempts to start a family were halted after Clara had an
ectopic pregnancy, leading them to explore adoption in 1955.
[2]
Steve Jobs's biological father, Abdulfattah "John" Jandali (b. 1931), was born into a
Muslim household and grew up in
Homs, Syria.
[9]
Jandali is the son of a self-made millionaire who did not go to college and a mother who was a traditional housewife.
[9]
While an undergraduate at the
American University of Beirut, he was a student activist and spent time in jail for his political activities.
[9]
Although Jandali initially wanted to study law, he eventually decided to study economics and
political science.
[9]
He pursued a PhD in the latter subject at the
University of Wisconsin, where he met Joanne Carole Schieble, a Catholic of Swiss and German descent, who grew up on a farm in Wisconsin.
[2][9][10]
As a doctoral candidate, Jandali was a
teaching assistant for a course Schieble was taking, although both were the same age.
[11]
Mona Simpson
(Jobs's biological sister), notes that her maternal grandparents were
not happy that their daughter was dating Jandali: "it wasn't that he was
Middle-Eastern so much as that he was a
Muslim.
But there are a lot of Arabs in Michigan and Wisconsin. So it's not that unusual."
[11]
Walter Isaacson,
Steve Jobs's official biographer, additionally states that Schieble's
father "threatened to cut Joanne off completely" if she continued the
relationship.
[2]
Birth
"Of all the inventions of humans, the computer is going to rank near
or at the top as history unfolds and we look back. It is the most
awesome tool that we have ever invented. I feel incredibly lucky to be
at exactly the right place in
Silicon Valley, at
exactly the right time, historically, where this invention has taken form."
Schieble became pregnant in 1954 when she and Jandali spent the summer with his family in
Homs,
Syria. Jandali has stated that he "was very much in love with Joanne
... but sadly, her father was a tyrant, and forbade her to marry me, as I
was from Syria.
And so she told me she wanted to give the baby up for
adoption."
[13]
Jobs told his official biographer that Schieble's father was dying at
the time, Schieble did not want to aggravate him, and both felt that at
23 they were too young to marry.
[2]
In addition, as there was a strong stigma against bearing a child out
of wedlock and raising it as a single mother, and as abortions were
illegal and dangerous, adoption was the only option women had in the
United States in 1954.
[7]
According to Jandali, Schieble deliberately did not involve him in the
process: "without telling me, Joanne upped and left to move to San
Francisco to have the baby without anyone knowing, including me ... she
did not want to bring shame onto the family and thought this was the
best for everyone.”
[13]
Schieble put herself in the care of a “doctor who sheltered unwed
mothers, delivered their babies, and quietly arranged closed adoptions.”
[2]
Schieble gave birth to Jobs on February 24, 1955, in San Francisco,
and chose an adoptive couple for him that was "Catholic, well-educated,
and wealthy."
[14]
That couple, however, changed their mind and decided to adopt a girl instead.
[14]
When the baby boy was then placed with the
Bay Area blue collar couple Paul and Clara Jobs, neither of whom had a college education, Schieble refused to sign the adoption papers.
[2]
She then took the matter to court, attempting to have her baby placed with a different family
[14] and only consented to releasing the baby to Paul and Clara after they promised that he would attend college.
[2]
When Jobs was in high school, Clara admitted to his then-girlfriend, 17-year-old
Chrisann Brennan,
that she "was too frightened to love [Steve] for the first six months
of his life ... I was scared they were going to take him away from me.
Even after we won the case, Steve was so difficult a child that by the
time he was two I felt we had made a mistake. I wanted to return him."
[14]
When Chrisann shared this comment with Jobs, he stated that he was aware of it
[14] and would later say that he was deeply loved and indulged by Paul and Clara.
[15]
Many years later, Jobs's wife Laurene also noted that "he felt he had
been really blessed by having the two of them as parents."
[15]
Jobs would become upset when Paul and Clara were referred to as "adoptive parents" as they "were my parents 1,000%."
[2]
With regard to his biological parents, Jobs referred to them as "my
sperm and egg bank.
That's not harsh, it's just the way it was, a sperm
bank thing, nothing more."
[2]
Jandali has also stated that "I really am not his dad. Mr. and Mrs.
Jobs are, as they raised him. And I don't want to take their place."
[13]
Childhood
"I always thought of myself as a humanities person as a kid, but I
liked electronics … then I read something that one of my heroes,
Edwin Land of Polaroid,
said about the importance of people who could stand at the intersection
of humanities and sciences, and I decided that's what I wanted to do."
Paul and Clara adopted Jobs's sister Patricia in 1957
[2] and the family moved to
Mountain View, California in 1961.
[7]
It was during this time that Paul built a workbench in his garage for his son in order to "pass along his love of mechanics."
[2]
Jobs meanwhile admired his father's craftsmanship "because he knew how
to build anything. If we needed a cabinet, he would build it.
When he
built our fence, he gave me a hammer so I could work with him ... I
wasn't that into fixing cars ... but I was eager to hang out with my
dad."
[2]
By the time he was ten, Jobs was deeply involved in electronics and
befriended many of the engineers who lived in the neighborhood.
[7]
He had difficulty making friends with children his own age, however, and was seen by his classmates as a "loner."
[7]
As Jobs had difficulty functioning in a traditional classroom and
tended to resist authority figures, he frequently misbehaved and was
suspended a few times.
[7]
As Clara had taught him to read as a toddler, Jobs stated that he was
"pretty bored in school and [had] turned into a little terror... you
should have seen us in the third grade, we basically destroyed the
teacher."
[7]
At Monta Loma Elementary school in Mountain View, he frequently played pranks on others.
[2]
However, his father (who was abused as a child) never reprimanded him,
blaming the school instead for not challenging his brilliant son enough.
[2]
Jobs would later credit his fourth grade teacher, Imogene 'Teddy'
Hill with turning him around: "She taught an advanced fourth grade class
and it took her about a month to get hip to my situation.
She bribed me
into learning. She would say, 'I really want you to finish this
workbook. I'll give you five bucks if you finish it.'
That really
kindled a passion in me for learning things! I learned more that year
than I think I learned in any other year in school.
They wanted me to
skip the next two years in grade school and go straight to junior high
to learn a foreign language but my parents very wisely wouldn't let it
happen."
[7]
Jobs skipped the fifth grade and transferred to the sixth grade at Crittenden Middle School in Mountain View
[7] where he became a "socially awkward loner."
[2]
Jobs "was often bullied" and gave his parents an ultimatum: they had to
either take him out of Crittenden or he would drop out of school.
Although the Jobs family was not well off, they used all of their
savings to buy a new home.
Thus in 1967,
[7] the Jobs family moved to a three-bedroom home on Crist Drive in
Los Altos, California which was in the better
Cupertino School District,
Cupertino, California[2]
(in 2013 when it was owned by Patty and occupied by Jobs's step-mother
Marilyn, this home – the first site for Apple Computer – was declared a
historic site).
[16][17]
The new house was embedded in an environment that was even more heavily
populated with engineering families than the Mountain View home.
[7]
Bill Fernandez,
a fellow electronics hobbyist who was in the same grade as him at
Cupertino Junior High, was his first friend after the move.
Fernandez
later commented that "for some reason the kids in the eighth grade
didn't like [Jobs] because they thought he was odd.
I was one of his few
friends." Fernandez eventually introduced Jobs to 18-year-old
electronics whiz and Homestead High alumn
Steve Wozniak, who lived across the street from Fernandez.
In mid-1968 when he was 13, Jobs was given a summer job by
Bill Hewlett (of
Hewlett Packard)
after Jobs cold-called him to ask for parts for an electronics project:
"He didn't know me at all, but he ended up giving me some parts and he
got me a job that summer working at Hewlett-Packard on the line,
assembling frequency counters...well, assembling may be too strong.
I
was putting in screws. It didn't matter; I was in heaven."
[7]
Homestead High
The zoning location of the Los Altos home meant that Jobs would be able to attend
Homestead High School in (and with strong ties to)
Silicon Valley.
[2]
He began his first year there in late 1968 along with Fernandez.
[7]
Neither Jobs nor Fernandez (whose father was a lawyer) came from
engineering households and thus decided to enroll in John McCollum's
"Electronics 1."
[7]
McCollum and the rebellious Jobs (who had grown his hair long and
become involved in the growing counterculture) would eventually clash
and Jobs began to lose interest in the class.
He also had no interest in
sports and would later say that he didn't have what it took to "be a
jock. I was always a loner."
[7]
He underwent a change during mid-1970: "I got stoned for the first time; I discovered Shakespeare,
Dylan Thomas, and all that classic stuff. I read
Moby Dick and went back as a junior taking creative writing classes."
[7]
Jobs also later noted to his official biographer that "I started to
listen to music a whole lot, and I started to read more outside of just
science and technology—
Shakespeare,
Plato.
I loved
King Lear ... when I was a senior I had this phenomenal
AP English class.
The teacher was this guy who looked like
Ernest Hemingway.
He took a bunch of us snowshoeing in Yosemite."
From that point, Jobs
developed two different circles of friends: those who were involved in
electronics and engineering and those who were interested in art and
literature.
[2]
These dual interests were particularly reflected during Jobs's senior
year as his best friends were Wozniak and his first girlfriend, the
artistic Homestead junior
Chrisann Brennan.
[14]
In 1971 after Wozniak began
University of California, Berkeley, Jobs began to visit him in Berkeley a few times a week.
This experience led him to study in nearby
Stanford University's
student union.
Jobs also decided that rather than join the electronics
club, he would put on light shows with a friend for Homestead's
avant-garde Jazz program.
He was described by a Homestead classmate as
"kind of a brain and kind of a hippie ... but he never fit into either
group.
He was smart enough to be a nerd, but wasn't nerdy. And he was
too intellectual for the hippies, who just wanted to get wasted all the
time.
He was kind of an outsider.
In high school everything revolved
around what group you were in. and if you weren't in a carefully defined
group, you weren't anybody.
He was an individual, in a world where
individuality was suspect."
By his senior year in Fall 1971, he was
taking freshman English class at Stanford and working on a Homestead
underground film project with Chrisann.
[7]
In mid-1972, after graduation and before leaving for
Reed College, Jobs and Brennan rented a house from their other roommate, Al.
[14][18]
During the summer, Brennan, Jobs, and
Steve Wozniak found an advertisement posted on the
De Anza College bulletin board for a job that required people to dress up as characters from
Alice in Wonderland.
Brennan portrayed Alice while Wozniak, Jobs, and Al portrayed the White Rabbit and the Mad Hatter.
[14]
Reed College
Later in the year, Jobs enrolled at
Reed College in
Portland, Oregon.
Reed was an expensive college which Paul and Clara could ill afford.
They were spending much of their life savings on their son's higher
education.
[2]
Brennan remained involved with Jobs while he was at
Reed College.
She also met his Reed friend
Daniel Kottke for the first time.
[14]
Jobs also became friends with Reed's student body president
Robert Friedland.
[7]
Brennan (who was now a senior at Homestead) did not have plans to
attend college, and was supportive of Jobs when he told her he planned
to drop out of Reed because he did not want to spend his parents' money
on it (neither her father nor Jobs's adoptive parents had gone to
college).
He continued to attend by auditing classes, including a course
on
calligraphy,
but since he was no longer an official student, Brennan stopped
visiting him.
Jobs later asked her to come and live with him in a house
he rented near the Reed campus, but she refused.
He had started seeing
other women, and she was interested in someone she met in her art class.
Brennan speculates that the house was Jobs's attempt to make their
relationship monogamous again.
[14]
In a 2005 commencement speech for
Stanford University,
Jobs states that during this period, he slept on the floor in friends'
dorm rooms, returned Coke bottles for food money, and got weekly free
meals at the local
Hare Krishna temple.
In that same speech, Jobs said: "If I had never dropped in on that single
calligraphy course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple
typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts."
[19]
1972–1985
I was lucky to get into computers when it was a very young and
idealistic industry. There weren't many degrees offered in computer
science, so people in computers were brilliant people from mathematics,
physics, music, zoology, whatever. They loved it, and no one was really
in it for the money [...] There are people around here who start
companies just to make money, but the great companies, well, that's not
what they're about."
Pre-Apple
In 1973,
Steve Wozniak designed his own version of the classic video game
Pong.
After finishing it, Wozniak gave the board to Jobs, who then took the game down to
Atari, Inc. in
Los Gatos, California.
Atari thought that Jobs had built it and gave him a job as a
technician.
[21][22]
Atari's cofounder
Nolan Bushnell
later described him as "difficult but valuable", pointing out that "he
was very often the smartest guy in the room, and he would let people
know that."
[23]
In mid-1972, Jobs moved back to the
San Francisco Bay Area
and was renting his own apartment.
Brennan states by this point that
their "relationship was complicated.
I couldn't break the connection and
I couldn't commit. Steve couldn't either."
Jobs hitchhiked and worked
around the West Coast and Brennan would occasionally join him.
At the
same time, Brennan notes, "little by little, Steve and I separated. But
we were never able to fully let go.
We never talked about breaking up or
going our separate ways and we didn't have that conversation where one
person says it's over."
They continued to grow apart, but Jobs would
still seek her out, and visit her while she was working in a health food
store or as a live-in babysitter.
They remained involved with each
other while continuing to see other people.
[14]
By early 1973, Jobs was living what Brennan describes as a "simple life" in a
Los Gatos cabin, working at
Atari, and saving money for
his impending trip to
India.
Brennan visited him twice at the cabin. She states in her memoir that her memories of this cabin consist of Jobs reading
Be Here Now (and giving her a copy), listening to
South Indian
music, and using a Japanese meditation pillow.
Brennan felt that he was
more distant and negative toward her. Brennan states in her memoir that
she met with Jobs right before he left for
India and that he tried to give her a $100 bill that he had earned at
Atari.
She initially refused to accept it but eventually accepted the money.
[24]
Jobs traveled to India in mid-1974
[25] to visit
Neem Karoli Baba[26] at his Kainchi
ashram with his Reed friend (and eventual Apple employee)
Daniel Kottke, in search of
spiritual enlightenment.
When they got to the Neem Karoli ashram, it was almost deserted because Neem Karoli Baba had died in September 1973.
[22]
Then they made a long trek up a dry riverbed to an ashram of
Haidakhan Babaji.
In India, they spent a lot of time on bus rides from
Delhi to
Uttar Pradesh and
Himachal Pradesh.
[22]
After staying for seven months, Jobs left India
[27] and returned to the US ahead of Daniel Kottke.
[22]
Jobs had changed his appearance; his head was shaved and he wore traditional Indian clothing.
[28][29]
During this time, Jobs experimented with
psychedelics, later calling his
LSD experiences "one of the two or three most important things [he had] done in [his] life."
[30][31]
He spent a period at the
All One Farm, a
commune in
Oregon and Brennan joined him there for a period.
[14]
During this time period, both Jobs and Brennan became practitioners of
Zen Buddhism through the Zen master
Kōbun Chino Otogawa.
Jobs was living with his parents again, in their backyard toolshed
which he had converted into a bedroom with a sleeping bag, mat, books, a
candle, and a meditation pillow.
[14]
Jobs engaged in lengthy
meditation retreats at the
Tassajara Zen Mountain Center, the oldest
Sōtō Zen monastery in the US.
[32]
He considered taking up monastic residence at
Eihei-ji in Japan, and maintained a lifelong appreciation for Zen.
[33]
Jobs would later say that people around him who did not share his
countercultural roots could not fully relate to his thinking.
[30]
Jobs then returned to Atari and was assigned to create a
circuit board for the
arcade video game
Breakout.
According to Bushnell, Atari offered
US$100 for each
TTL
chip that was eliminated in the machine. Jobs had little specialized
knowledge of circuit board design and made a deal with Wozniak to split
the fee evenly between them if Wozniak could minimize the number of
chips.
Much to the amazement of Atari engineers, Wozniak reduced the TTL
count to 46, a design so tight that it was impossible to reproduce on
an assembly line.
[34]
According to Wozniak, Jobs told him that Atari gave them only $700
(instead of the $5,000 paid out), and that Wozniak's share was thus
$350.
[35]
Wozniak did not learn about the actual bonus until ten years later, but
said that if Jobs had told him about it and explained that he needed
the money, Wozniak would have given it to him.
[36]
Wozniak had designed a low-cost digital "
blue box"
to generate the necessary tones to manipulate the telephone network,
allowing free long-distance calls. Jobs decided that they could make
money selling it.
The clandestine sales of the illegal "blue boxes" went
well and perhaps planted the seed in Jobs's mind that electronics could
be both fun and profitable.
[37]
Jobs, in a 1994 interview, recalled that it took six months for him and Wozniak to figure out how to build the blue boxes.
[38]
Jobs said that if not for the blue boxes, there would have been no
Apple.
He states it showed them that they could take on large companies
and beat them.
[39][40]
Apple (1976–1985)
"Basically Steve Wozniak and I invented the Apple because we wanted a
personal computer. Not only couldn't we afford the computers that were
on the market, those computers were impractical for us to use. We needed
a
Volkswagen.
The Volkswagen isn't as fast or comfortable as other ways of traveling,
but the VW owners can go where they want, when they want and with whom
they want. The VW owners have personal control of their car."
Jobs began attending meetings of the
Homebrew Computer Club with Wozniak in 1975.
[41]
In 1976, Wozniak invented the
Apple I computer.
After Wozniak showed it to Jobs, who suggested that they sell it, they and
Ronald Wayne formed
Apple Computer in the garage of Jobs's Los Altos home on Crist Drive.
[42]
Wayne stayed only a short time, leaving Jobs and Wozniak as the active primary cofounders of the company.
[43]
A neighbor on Crist Drive recalled Jobs as odd, an individual who would
greet his clients "with his underwear hanging out, barefoot and
hippie-like."
[17]
Another neighbor, Larry Waterland, who had just finished his PhD at
Stanford in chemical engineering, recalled dismissing Jobs's budding
business: " 'You punched cards, put them in a big deck,' he said about
the mainframe machines of that time.
'Steve took me over to the garage.
He had a circuit board with a chip on it, a DuMont TV set, a Panasonic
cassette tape deck and a keyboard.
He said, 'This is an Apple computer.'
I said, 'You've got to be joking.' I dismissed the whole idea.' "
[17]
Jobs's friend from Reed College and India,
Daniel Kottke,
recalled that he "was the only person who worked in the garage ... Woz
would show up once a week with his latest code.
Steve Jobs didn't get
his hands dirty in that sense."
Kottke also stated that much of the
early work took place in Jobs's kitchen, where he spent hours on the
phone trying to find investors for the company.
[17]
Steve Jobs with
Wendell Brown at the launch of Brown's Hippo-C software for Macintosh, January 1984
They received funding from a then-semi-retired
Intel product marketing manager and engineer
Mike Markkula.
[44]
Scott McNealy, one of the cofounders of
Sun Microsystems, said that Jobs broke a "
glass age ceiling" in Silicon Valley because he'd created a very successful company at a young age.
[40]
"For what characterizes Apple is that its scientific staff always
acted and performed like artists – in a field filled with dry
personalities limited by the rational and binary worlds they inhabit,
Apple's engineering teams had passion. They always believed that what
they were doing was important and, most of all, fun. Working at Apple
was never just a job; it was also a crusade, a mission, to bring better
computer power to people. At its roots that attitude came from Steve
Jobs. It was "
Power to the People", the slogan of the sixties, rewritten in technology for the eighties and called
Macintosh."
—Jeffrey S. Young, Steve Jobs: The Journey is the Reward (1987).[7]
After she returned from her own journey to India, Brennan visited
Jobs at his parent's home, where he was still living.
It was during this
period that Jobs and Brennan fell in love again, as Brennan noted
changes in him that she attributes to
Kobun (whom she was also still following).
It was also at this time that Jobs displayed a prototype
Apple computer
for Brennan and his parents in their living room.
Brennan notes a shift
in this time period, where the two main influences on Jobs were
Apple and
Kobun.
By the early 1977, she and Jobs would spend time together at her home at
Duveneck Ranch in Los Altos,
which served as a hostel and environmental education center.
Brennan
also worked there as a teacher for inner city children who came to learn
about the farm.
[14]
In 1977, Jobs and Wozniak introduced the
Apple II at the
West Coast Computer Faire.
It was the first consumer product sold by
Apple Computer and was one of the first highly successful mass-produced
microcomputer products,
[45] It was designed primarily by
Steve Wozniak.
Jobs oversaw the development of the Apple II's unusual case
[2] and
Rod Holt developed the unique power supply.
[46]
Tons More on Steve Jobs is still at Wikipedia the Link is Below Happy Hunting.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Jobs
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